Vitamin B9 (as folate or folic acid) is essential for DNA synthesis, repair and cell division, making it vital for growth and overall health. Its most celebrated role is in preventing serious birth defects of the brain and spine (neural tube defects) during early pregnancy. Folate works with other B vitamins to regulate homocysteine, a risk factor for heart disease and stroke, and prevents megaloblastic anemia. Natural folate is found in legumes, dark leafy greens and citrus fruits but is sensitive to cooking, while synthetic folic acid is used to fortify foods and supplements. Mandatory folic acid fortification has been a major public health…

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