Study: Gut bacteria transform pomegranate compounds into heart-protecting molecule Research has found that pomegranate polyphenols (like punicalagin) are metabolized by gut bacteria into urolithin A, a compound that reduces arterial plaque buildup, inflammation and stabilizes plaques –independent of cholesterol levels – as shown in mice studies. Urolithin A works primarily by suppressing inflammatory genes and limiting cholesterol absorption in immune cells, making plaques less likely to rupture and cause cardiovascular events. Benefits depend on gut microbiome composition, explaining mixed results in pomegranate juice trials; direct urolithin A supplementation may offer a solution for those lacking the necessary gut bacteria. Pomegranates also…
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