Tiny new moon found near Uranus raises questions about our solar system’s unexplored secrets

  • A newly discovered six-mile-wide moon around Uranus brings its total to 29, spotted by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope in early 2025.
  • The tiny moon, designated S/2025 U1, evaded detection for decades, including during Voyager 2’s 1986 flyby.
  • Uranus now holds the record for the most small inner moons, hinting at a chaotic history of collisions and ring-moon interactions.
  • Scientists suggest even more undiscovered moons may lurk in Uranus’ complex system, challenging our understanding of the solar system.
  • This discovery underscores how little we know about our cosmic neighborhood, even as exploration focuses on Mars and beyond.

When NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope turned its infrared gaze toward Uranus in February 2025, scientists weren’t expecting to find a new moon, let alone one so small it had evaded detection for decades. Yet there it was: a tiny, unnamed satellite, just six miles wide, quietly orbiting the ice giant alongside 28 others. This discovery, announced last week, brings Uranus’ total moon count to 29 and raises a tantalizing question: If we missed this one, what else is hiding in the outer reaches of our solar system?

The newly found moon, temporarily designated S/2025 U1, was spotted in a series of 10 long-exposure images captured by Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam). Unlike the gas giant’s larger, well-known moons — Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon — this one is a mere speck in the cosmic void.

“It’s a small moon but a significant discovery,” said Dr. Maryame El Moutamid, a lead scientist at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado. “Even NASA’s Voyager 2 spacecraft didn’t see it during its flyby nearly 40 years ago.”

A chaotic system of moons and rings

Uranus is already an oddball in our solar system. It rotates on its side, its magnetic field is wildly misaligned, and its rings are dark and difficult to observe. Now, we know it also hosts an unusually large number of small inner moons—more than any other planet.

“No other planet has as many small inner moons as Uranus, and their complex inter-relationships with the rings hint at a chaotic history that blurs the boundary between a ring system and a system of moons,” explained Matthew Tiscareno of the SETI Institute.

The new moon orbits about 35,000 miles from Uranus’ center, nestled between the paths of Ophelia and Bianca, two other small satellites. Its nearly circular orbit suggests it formed right where it is now, rather than being captured from elsewhere. But its diminutive size — 350 times smaller than Earth’s moon — means it’s likely just the first of many such objects waiting to be found.

“Moreover, the new moon is smaller and much fainter than the smallest of the previously known inner moons, making it likely that even more complexity remains to be discovered,” Tiscareno added.

Why this matters for space exploration

The discovery isn’t just a curiosity; it’s a testament to how much we still don’t know about our own solar system. Uranus has only been visited once, by Voyager 2 in 1986, and even then, scientists only knew of five moons at the time. Now, with Webb’s advanced infrared capabilities, we’re peeling back layers of a world that has remained largely mysterious.

For now, S/2025 U1 remains unnamed, though the International Astronomical Union (IAU) will eventually approve an official designation, likely drawn from Shakespeare or Alexander Pope, in keeping with Uranus’ other moons. (Social media users have already floated humorous suggestions like “Bob” and “Mooney McMoonface.”)

But the real excitement lies in what this discovery implies. If a six-mile-wide moon could hide in plain sight for so long, what else might be out there? Uranus’ rings and inner moons are thought to be remnants of a violent past, perhaps collisions between larger moons or captured debris.

A reminder of how little we know

In an era where space agencies and private companies are racing to Mars and beyond, Uranus remains one of the least explored planets in our solar system. Yet discoveries like this prove that we don’t need to travel light-years to find mysteries. Sometimes, they’re right in our cosmic backyard, waiting for the right telescope, the right scientist, and the right moment to reveal themselves.

As Webb continues to scan the outer solar system, we can see how the universe is far stranger—and far richer—than we ever imagined. And if a tiny moon can slip past decades of observation, just imagine what else might be hiding in the dark.

Sources for this article include:

DailyMail.co.uk

Science.NASA.gov

Space.com

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